Incidence and severity of COVID-19 between vaccinated and non-vaccinated individuals

Abstract

Abstract Background The causal agent in a lower respiratory tract sample was identified as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Objective To evaluate the vaccinated and unvaccinated persons for signs and severity of SARS-CoV-2. Patients and methods This retrospective analysis included 99 cases ranging in age from 25 to 65 with a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We compared the incidence and severity of COVID-19 between vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups for a variety of COVID-19 outcomes. We performed the following tests on all cases: blood pressure, pulse rate, oxygen saturation, PCR, CBC, CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer. Results In terms of severity, 60.6% of cases are in the moderate category, and 13.1% are in the critical level. Among the non-vaccinated group, 47.2% had lung symptoms, compared to 22.2% in the vaccinated group (p = 0.001). The vaccinated group had a mix of pulmonary and extrapulmonary symptoms. A significant difference between groups: 36 (100%) of unvaccinated had CT, 26 (96.3%) of two-dose vaccinated cases, and 30 (83.3%) of three-dose vaccinated cases. Conclusion We provided proof that vaccine recipients had reduced CT severity ratings and elevated inflammatory markers compared to those individuals who were not given vaccines. Cases that were not immunized had lower oxygen saturation levels.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• Incidence
• Severity
• Vaccines
• Non-vaccinated individuals