Treatment of tequila vinasse mixed with domestic wastewater in two types of constructed wetlands

Abstract

Tequila vinasse (TV) is a high-strength effluent generated during the production of tequila, with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of up to 74 g/L. In this study, the treatment of TV was evaluated in a 27-week study in two types of constructed wetlands (CWs), namely horizontal subsurface flow wetlands (HSSFWs) and vertical upflow wetlands (VUFWs). The pre-settled and neutralized TV was diluted at 10, 20, 30, and 40% with domestic wastewater (DWW). Volcanic rock (tezontle) was used as the substrate and Arundo donax and Iris sibirica as emergent vegetation. The two systems showed similar high removal efficiencies for COD, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), true colour (TC), electrical conductivity (EC), and total nitrogen (TN). The highest average percentages of removal were obtained at 40% of dilution: 95.4 and 95.8% for COD, 98.1 and 98.2% for turbidity, 91.8 and 95.9% for TSS, and 86.5 and 86.4% for TC in the HSSFWs and the VUFWs, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of CWs for TV treatment as a major step in a treatment system. HIGHLIGHTS Tequila vinasse is a high-strength effluent.; Tequila vinasses remain untreated in micro and small factories.; TV can be mixed with domestic wastewater to reduce pollutant concentrations.; Constructed wetlands can be designed for the treatment of TV mixed with DWW.; HSSFWs and VUFWs are efficient for the treatment of TV + DWW.;

Keywords

• arundo donax
• domestic wastewater
• horizontal subsurface flow wetlands
• iris sibirica
• vertical upflow wetlands