Etude des possibilités d'amélioration de la finesse de la fibre de coton (synthèse bibliographique)

Abstract

Study of possible ways to improve cotton fiber fineness. A review. Description of the subject. Cotton is the most important textile fiber worldwide. Its quality has to be constantly improved to increase its competitive advantage over synthetic fibers and to keep up with the continuous modernization of spinning factories. Even though it is not a property of commercial value, fineness constitutes, along with length, strength, color and maturity, a major trait of fiber quality. The spinning of fine fiber results in reduced losses and the production of strong, uniform, lustrous, and soft-touch yarn. Literature. Genetic improvement combined with improved cultural practices: harvesting, ginning and storage have led to significant improvements in cotton fiber length, maturity and strength. To date, cotton producers have not usually been interested in fineness because earlier studies, contrary to the more recent ones, have identified its correlation with reduced yield. In this review we present the factors that influence cotton fiber fineness and show possible ways to improve it. Conclusion. Any factor interfering with fiber growth and fiber development can influence fiber fineness. However, genetic influence is more important than the impact of the environment on fineness. So considering that the other species of the Genus Gossypium represent an important source of genetic variability, the genetic approach seems to be the most beneficial way to improve the fineness of upland cotton fiber.

Keywords

• Gossypium
• fiber
• fineness
• interspecific hybridization
• genetic improvement