Journal of IMAB (Apr 2020)
MONITORING OF VITAL SIGNS AND HEMODYNAMIC CHANGES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING TOOTH EXTRACTION AND THIRD MOLAR SURGERY - LITERATURE REVIEW
Abstract
Background: Monitoring is global methods of observation and data recording in relation to organs and system function that afford constant information to ensure continuous evaluation of the patient’s physical condition. Blood pressure heart rate, oxygen saturation and temperature are used often as an indirect measurement and determination of these parameters combined can serve as good indicators of anxiety, and pain before and during the procedure. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the changes in vital signs and hemodynamic changes induced by a dental extraction and third molar surgery. Material and methods: Electronic searches were conducted through the MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus etc. databases to screen all relevant articles published from inception to April 2019. Results: All surveys included in this review were studied for vital signs and hemodynamic changes after the administration of local anesthetic at various points of time. Measurement of hemodynamic parameters showed no hypertensive peaks in systolic and diastolic blood pressure at any evaluation time. The type of local anesthetic slightly affected diastolic and systolic BP during different measurement periods without statistical significance. Pulse rate varied slightly during different measurement periods, and this variation did not achieve statistical significance. Measurement of oxygen saturation showed statistically significant differences at time of local anesthetic administration and 15 minutes after tooth extraction. Conclusion: Monitoring during oral surgery allows the surgeon to identify immediately situations of emergency before and during the surgical procedure, establish an early diagnosis and prevent possible complications, and operate with optimized safety.
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