Fabrication of Bi₂MoO₆ Nanosheets/TiO₂ Nanorod Arrays Heterostructures for Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance under Visible-Light Irradiation

Abstract

Bi2MoO6/TiO2 heterostructures (HSs) were synthesized in the present study by growing Bi2MoO6 nanosheets on vertically aligned TiO2 nanorod arrays using a two-step solvothermal method. Their morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Excellent visible-light absorption was observed by UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, which was attributed to the presence of the Bi2MoO6 nanosheets with a narrow-band-gap. The specific surface area and pore volume of the photocatalysts were significantly increased due to the hierarchical structure composed of Bi2MoO6 nanosheets and TiO2 nanorods. The photoluminescence and photoelectrochemical characterizations showed improved separation and collection efficiency of the Bi2MoO6/TiO2 HSs towards the interface charge carrier. The photocatalytic analysis of the Bi2MoO6/TiO2 HSs demonstrated a significantly better methylene blue (MB) degradation efficiency of 95% within 3 h than pristine TiO2 nanorod arrays under visible-light irradiation. After three photocatalytic cycles, the degradation rate remained at ~90%. The improved performance of the Bi2MoO6/TiO2 HSs was attributed to the synergy among the extended absorption of visible light; the large, specific surface area of the hierarchical structure; and the enhanced separation efficiency of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. Finally, we also established the Bi2MoO6/TiO2 HSs band structure and described the photocatalytic dye degradation mechanism. The related electrochemical analysis and free-radical trapping experiments indicated that h+, ·O2− and ·OH have significant effects on the degradation process.

Keywords

• Bi₂MoO₆
• TiO₂ nanorod arrays
• heterostructure
• photodegradation
• solvothermal method