BD-II NMA&SSI: An Scheme of Anti-Spoofing and Open BeiDou II D2 Navigation Message Authentication

Abstract

Due to openness and lack of authentication, like other members of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Club, BeiDou-II civilian navigation signals are vulnerable to all kinds of spoofing attacks. As a result, both the positioning and timing functions of BeiDou-II civil satellite navigation are likely to be controlled by the spoofer. In this paper, an anti-spoofing scheme of BeiDou-II Navigation Message Authentication & Spread Spectrum Information (BD-II NMA&SSI) is proposed by using SM cryptographic algorithms and spread spectrum information to resist spoofing attacks. The SM cryptographic algorithms are used for generating authentication information to detect spoofing attacks. The spread spectrum information is to protect the authentication information in the D2 navigation messages from modification. Experimental results show that the scheme guarantees the authenticity of BD-II satellite navigation messages, meets the requirement of anti-spoofing and takes a rather less effect on the satellite navigation system.

Keywords

• Anti-spoofing
• BeiDou-II navigation
• SM cryptographic algorithms
• navigation message authentication
• spread spectrum modulation