Neural Regeneration Research (Jan 2015)
Protective effects of a polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis on dopaminergic neurons in an MPTP-induced Parkinson′s disease model in C57BL/6J mice
- Fang Zhang,
- Jian Lu,
- Ji-guo Zhang,
- Jun-xia Xie
Affiliations
- Fang Zhang
- Jian Lu
- Ji-guo Zhang
- Jun-xia Xie
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.4103/1673-5374.152387
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 10,
no. 2
pp. 308 – 313
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine whether a polysaccharide obtained from Spirulina platensis shows protective effects on dopaminergic neurons. A Parkinson′s disease model was established through the intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in C57BL/6J mice. Prior to the MPTP injection, some mice were pretreated with intraperitoneal injections of a polysaccharide derived from Spirulina platensis once daily for 10 days. The results showed that the immunoreactive staining and mRNA expression of the dopamine transporter and tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme in dopamine synthesis, in the substantia nigra, were significantly increased in mice pretreated with 800 mg/kg of the polysaccharide compared with those in MPTP-treated mice. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the serum and midbrain were also increased significantly in mice injected with MPTP after pretreatment with the polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis. By contrast, the activity of monoamine oxidase B in serum and midbrain maintained unchanged. These experimental findings indicate that the polysaccharide obtained from Spirulina platensis plays a protective role against the MPTP-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons in C57BL/6J mice, and that the antioxidative properties of this polysaccharide likely underlie its neuroprotective effect.
Keywords
- Alzheimer′s disease
- amyloid-β
- astrocytes
- Ca 2+
- calcilytic
- calcium-sensing receptor
- nitromemantine
- NPS 2143
- α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
- nerve regeneration
- spinal cord injury
- surgical decompression
- tumor necrosis factor α
- cell apoptosis
- neurological function
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- spinal cord injury
- contusion
- Nogo-A
- axon growth
- immunohistochemistry
- fluorescent quantitative PCR
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- spinal cord injury
- Schwann cells
- cell transplantation
- edaravone
- motor function
- electrophysiological function
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- electroacupuncture
- intervertebral disc
- blood circulation
- inflammation
- neuroprotection
- motor function
- neurons
- NSFC grants
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- astrocytoma
- mice
- immunodeficiency (BALB/c) mice
- Notch
- nestin
- glial fibrillary acidic protein
- CD133
- spinal cord
- brain
- MRI
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- earthquake
- peripheral nerve injury
- LSUHSC score
- compartment syndrome
- surgery therapy
- physiotherapy
- nerve decompression
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- brachial plexus injury
- human amniotic epithelial cells
- forepaw function
- stress relaxation
- creep
- viscoelasticity
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- peripheral nerve injury
- injection injury
- cyclosporine A
- penicillin G potassium
- Wallerian degeneration
- neuroelectrophysiology
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- Oenanthe javanica extract
- cell proliferation
- neuroblast differentiation
- brain-derived neurotrophic factor
- vascular endothelial growth factor
- rat
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- middle cerebral artery occlusion
- brain injury
- neurons
- astrocytes
- oligodendrocytes
- neural progenitor cells
- proliferation
- differentiation
- neurogenesis
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- cerebral ischemia
- point application
- Angong Niuhuang sticker
- brain injury
- neurological functions
- acupuncture
- traditional Chinese medicine
- NSFC grants
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- acupuncture
- neuroimaging
- resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging
- Taichong (LR3)
- Taixi (KI3)
- amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation
- Brodmann area 11
- Brodmann area 18
- Brodmann area 19
- Brodmann area 44
- posterior lobe of the cerebellum
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- functional magnetic resonance imaging
- resting state
- task state
- brain network
- module division
- feature binding
- Fisher′s Z transform
- connectivity
- visual stimuli
- NSFC grants
- neural regeneration
- nerve regeneration
- polysaccharide from Spirulina platensis
- Parkinson′s disease
- MPTP
- dopaminergic neurons
- antioxidation
- neural regeneration