Consumption Based Source Apportionment Indicates Different Regional Contributions to O3 Concentrations and Health Effects
Shengqiang Zhu,
Peng Wang,
Siyu Wang,
Guannan Geng,
Hongyan Zhao,
Yuan Wang,
Hongliang Zhang
Affiliations
Shengqiang Zhu
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Peng Wang
Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Centre of Excellence (IRDR ICoE) on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Corresponding authors.
Siyu Wang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Guannan Geng
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Hongyan Zhao
Center for Atmospheric Environmental Studies, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Yuan Wang
Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91020, USA
Hongliang Zhang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Integrated Research on Disaster Risk International Centre of Excellence (IRDR ICoE) on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/Climate Extremes Impact and Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Corresponding authors.
China is confronting aggravated ozone (O3) pollution, leading to adverse health impacts. This study quantifies the regional contributions to O3 in China using two approaches; estimating ① where goods are produced (the production method), and ② where goods are consumed (the consumption method). The production method predicts higher local source contribution than the consumption method; this difference can be attributed to exports. Occurrence of high-O3 episodes suggests a major contribution to O3 concentration as a result of trade activities. Based on the consumption method, 9219 out of 18 532 daily premature mortalities were caused by local sources in north China, while it increased to 14 471 of the production method when neglecting contributions due to export and consumption in other regions. This study suggests that O3 control should consider both where goods are consumed and emissions are emitted, especially taking account of international trade activities.
