Наукові горизонти (Mar 2020)
MODERN METHODS OF NUTRITION ANALYSIS AND CORRECTION FOR DAIRY COWS IN HIGH-PERFORMANCE HERDS
Abstract
The article presents algorithms for calculating feed nutrition, compiling and evaluating the productive effect of the diet for dairy cows, taking into account specific parameters and criteria, which allow to identify errors in feeding cows promptly and eliminate them during the optimization of nutritions. The developed method of estimating productive effect of dairy cows diet was developed, taking into account the calculated parameters and criteria (pure lactation energy, digested protein, nitrogen balance in the rumen etc.) lets quickly identify errors in feeding cows and timely eliminate them when optimizing of rations. For the optimization of nutritions the amount of feed in kilograms of dry matter and the level of crude fiber in the dry matter of the feed have been reduced to the optimum, which allows animals to increase their dietary intake. The unit of measurement for the cow's need for protein, as well as an indicator of providing the protein is the absorbed protein in the intestine. The digested protein consists of microbial protein, which was formed in the rumen, and not cleaved in the rumen protein. It shows how much protein will be available in the small intestine, while taking into account the energy available in the feed and the amount of protein not cleaved in the rumen. Reducing the nitrogen balance in the rumen from a critical value of 95 to 55 reduces the threat to the health of the animals, and in particular to the breach of their reproductive capacity, to the health of the udder, and the disease of the hoofs because of the imbalance of protein and energy in the nutrition. Cow productivity also increases through the more efficient nitrogen’s using by microorganisms of rumen. Ration’s balancing for high-performance animals requires to use indicators such as: pure lactation energy, digested protein, nitrogen balance in the rumen. It will allow to reduce the cost of the nutrition and increase the milk productivity of cows up to 3 kg per 1 cow and, as a consequence, to generate additional profit up to 34 UAH per 1 cow.
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