Triglyceride glucose-body mass index as a mediator of hypertension risk in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome: a mediation analysis study

Abstract

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI) plays a mediating role between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and hypertension. The study analyzed clinical data from a total of 840 OSAS patients at Wuhan Union Hospital between January 2020 to December 2023. The association between TyG-BMI and hypertension was examined using restricted cubic spline regression and logistic regression. Mediation effect analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between OSAS, TyG-BMI, and the risk of hypertension. Severe OSAS was associated with a significantly increased risk of hypertension compared to mild OSAS (OR = 1.752, p = 0.013). There was a positive linear relationship between TyG-BMI and the risk of hypertension (P-non-linear = 0.535). The risk of hypertension increased with increasing TyG-BMI, with a significantly higher risk of hypertension in the fourth quartile (OR = 3.407, p < 0.001) than in the third quartile (OR = 2.457, p < 0.001) and in the second quartile (OR = 1.576, p = 0.043). TyG-BMI mediated the association between OSAS and hypertension with a mediation effect of 41.3% (p < 0.001). TyG-BMI is important for assessing the risk of hypertension in patients with OSAS.

Keywords

• Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS)
• Triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI)
• Hypertension
• Insulin resistance