Formulation of Antibacterial Solid Soap Containing Miana Leaf Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria

Abstract

Miana leaf (Coleus scutellarioides (L.) Benth.) is known to contain antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids. This study aimed to formulate solid soap with miana leaf extract at concentrations of 1%, 3%, and 5%, and to evaluate its antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The soap formulations were evaluated for organoleptic properties, pH, foam height, skin moisture, and irritation potential. Antibacterial testing was conducted using the well diffusion method. Results showed that the solid soap met physical quality standards, with pH ranging from 9.39 to 10.6, foam height between 7.6 and 14.2 cm, and moisture levels increasing to 36.6–48.4%. Irritation tests revealed no adverse skin reactions. The antibacterial activity test confirmed that all formulations inhibited S. aureus, with the strongest inhibition observed at 5% extract concentration, producing an inhibition zone of 18.4 mm. In conclusion, solid soap containing miana leaf extract is safe for topical use and shows strong antibacterial activity, especially at higher extract concentrations, indicating its potential as a natural antiseptic formulation.

Keywords

• solid soap
• miana leaf extract
• staphylococcus aureus
• antibacterial test
• natural humectant
• skin irritation test