Bergamot (<i>Citrus bergamia</i>), a (Poly)Phenol-Rich Source for Improving Osteosarcopenic Obesity: A Systematic Review
Giuseppe Mazzola,
Mariangela Rondanelli,
Giovanna Baron,
Roberta Zupo,
Fabio Castellana,
Maria Lisa Clodoveo,
Clara Gasparri,
Gaetan Claude Barrile,
Michela Seniga,
Luca Matteo Schiavi,
Alessia Moroni,
Sukru Gulec,
Patrizia Riso,
Simone Perna
Affiliations
Giuseppe Mazzola
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Mariangela Rondanelli
Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Giovanna Baron
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
Roberta Zupo
Department of Interdisciplinari Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
Fabio Castellana
Department of Interdisciplinari Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
Maria Lisa Clodoveo
Department of Interdisciplinari Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy
Clara Gasparri
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Gaetan Claude Barrile
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Michela Seniga
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Luca Matteo Schiavi
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Alessia Moroni
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona “Istituto Santa Margherita”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
Sukru Gulec
Molecular Nutrition and Human Physiology Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, Urla, 35430 Izmir, Türkiye
Patrizia Riso
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
Simone Perna
Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
This systematic review investigates the potential of bergamot, a polyphenol-rich citrus fruit, in improving osteosarcopenic obesity, a condition characterized by the simultaneous presence of osteoporosis, obesity, and sarcopenia. Bergamot extracts have been suggested to possess several pharmacological properties, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which could be useful in the management of age-related diseases and neuromuscular health. The review highlights the promising effects of bergamot extracts on skeletal muscle mass and function, particularly in the context of obesity, metabolic syndrome, osteosarcopenic obesity, and osteoporosis. Furthermore, some studies have shown that bergamot extracts can improve the metabolic balance, endothelial function, and maximal oxygen uptake in athletes, highlighting their potential benefits for skeletal muscle health. Taken together, these results suggest that bergamot extracts, especially those rich in polyphenols, may be a valuable adjunct in the management of osteosarcopenic obesity and other associated clinical conditions involving pro-inflammatory effects on organs and tissues.
