Nutrients (Apr 2021)
Heterogeneity of Associations between Total and Types of Fish Intake and the Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: Federated Meta-Analysis of 28 Prospective Studies Including 956,122 Participants
- Silvia Pastorino,
- Tom Bishop,
- Stephen J. Sharp,
- Matthew Pearce,
- Tasnime Akbaraly,
- Natalia B. Barbieri,
- Maira Bes-Rastrollo,
- Joline W. J. Beulens,
- Zhengming Chen,
- Huaidong Du,
- Bruce B. Duncan,
- Atsushi Goto,
- Tommi Härkänen,
- Maryam Hashemian,
- Daan Kromhout,
- Ritva Järvinen,
- Mika Kivimaki,
- Paul Knekt,
- Xu Lin,
- Eiliv Lund,
- Dianna J. Magliano,
- Reza Malekzadeh,
- Miguel Ángel Martínez-González,
- Gráinne O’Donoghue,
- Donal O’Gorman,
- Hossein Poustchi,
- Charlotta Rylander,
- Norie Sawada,
- Jonathan E. Shaw,
- Maria Schmidt,
- Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu,
- Liang Sun,
- Wanqing Wen,
- Alicja Wolk,
- Xiao-Ou Shu,
- Wei Zheng,
- Nicholas J. Wareham,
- Nita G. Forouhi
Affiliations
- Silvia Pastorino
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Tom Bishop
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Stephen J. Sharp
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Matthew Pearce
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Tasnime Akbaraly
- Inserm U 1198, Montpellier University, F-34000 Montpellier, France
- Natalia B. Barbieri
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
- Maira Bes-Rastrollo
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Joline W. J. Beulens
- Department of Epidemiology & Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC—Amsterdam VUMC, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Zhengming Chen
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Huaidong Du
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK
- Bruce B. Duncan
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
- Atsushi Goto
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Tommi Härkänen
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Maryam Hashemian
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411713135, Iran
- Daan Kromhout
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
- Ritva Järvinen
- Institute of Public Health and Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
- Mika Kivimaki
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 7HB, UK
- Paul Knekt
- Department of Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), FI-00271 Helsinki, Finland
- Xu Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai, Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Eiliv Lund
- Department of Community Medicine, Pb. 5060, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Dianna J. Magliano
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411713135, Iran
- Miguel Ángel Martínez-González
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Gráinne O’Donoghue
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, DO4 Dublin, Ireland
- Donal O’Gorman
- School of Health & Human Performance, National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Whitehall, DO9 Dublin, Ireland
- Hossein Poustchi
- Digestive Disease Research Center, Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1411713135, Iran
- Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, Pb. 5060, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
- Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan
- Jonathan E. Shaw
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, 75 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Maria Schmidt
- Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre 90040-060, Brazil
- Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu
- Center of Research on Psychological and Somatic Disorders (CORPS), Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, P.O. Box 90153, 5000 LE Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Liang Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai, Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- Alicja Wolk
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Orthopaedics, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
- Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2525 West End Avenue, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
- Nicholas J. Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- Nita G. Forouhi
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13041223
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 13,
no. 4
p. 1223
Abstract
The association between fish consumption and new-onset type 2 diabetes is inconsistent and differs according to geographical location. We examined the association between the total and types of fish consumption and type 2 diabetes using individual participant data from 28 prospective cohort studies from the Americas (6), Europe (15), the Western Pacific (6), and the Eastern Mediterranean (1) comprising 956,122 participants and 48,084 cases of incident type 2 diabetes. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for associations of total fish, shellfish, fatty, lean, fried, freshwater, and saltwater fish intake and type 2 diabetes were derived for each study, adjusting for a consistent set of confounders and combined across studies using random-effects meta-analysis. We stratified all analyses by sex due to observed interaction (p = 0.002) on the association between fish and type 2 diabetes. In women, for each 100 g/week higher intake the IRRs (95% CIs) of type 2 diabetes were 1.02 (1.01–1.03, I2 = 61%) for total fish, 1.04 (1.01–1.07, I2 = 46%) for fatty fish, and 1.02 (1.00–1.04, I2 = 33%) for lean fish. In men, all associations were null. In women, we observed variation by geographical location: IRRs for total fish were 1.03 (1.02–1.04, I2 = 0%) in the Americas and null in other regions. In conclusion, we found evidence of a neutral association between total fish intake and type 2 diabetes in men, but there was a modest positive association among women with heterogeneity across studies, which was partly explained by geographical location and types of fish intake. Future research should investigate the role of cooking methods, accompanying foods and environmental pollutants, but meanwhile, existing dietary regional, national, or international guidelines should continue to guide fish consumption within overall healthy dietary patterns.
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