Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity (Jul 2023)

Hypoglycaemic Molecules for the Management of Diabetes Mellitus from Marine Sources

  • Chellappan DK,
  • Chellian J,
  • Rahmah NSN,
  • Gan WJ,
  • Banerjee P,
  • Sanyal S,
  • Banerjee P,
  • Ghosh N,
  • Guith T,
  • Das A,
  • Gupta G,
  • Singh SK,
  • Dua K,
  • Kunnath AP,
  • Norhashim NA,
  • Ong KH,
  • Palaniveloo K

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 16
pp. 2187 – 2223

Abstract

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Dinesh Kumar Chellappan,1 Jestin Chellian,1 Nur Suraiza Nabila Rahmah,2 Wee Jin Gan,2 Priyanka Banerjee,3 Saptarshi Sanyal,3 Pradipta Banerjee,4 Nandini Ghosh,4 Tanner Guith,4 Amitava Das,4 Gaurav Gupta,5– 7 Sachin Kumar Singh,8,9 Kamal Dua,9,10 Anil Philip Kunnath,11 Nur Azeyanti Norhashim,12,13 Kuan Hung Ong,13 Kishneth Palaniveloo13 1Department of Life Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia; 2School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia; 3Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Medical Sciences, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; 4Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 5School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India; 6Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India; 7Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, India; 8School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; 9Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; 10Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia; 11Division of Applied Biomedical Science and Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia; 12Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Core Technology Facility, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK; 13Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, MalaysiaCorrespondence: Dinesh Kumar Chellappan; Anil Philip Kunnath, Tel +6012 636 1308 ; +6012 618 7831, Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder recognized as a major health problem globally. A defective insulin activity contributes to the prevalence and expansion of DM. Treatment of DM is often hampered by limited options of conventional therapies and adverse effects associated with existing procedures. This has led to a spike in the exploration for potential therapeutic agents from various natural resources for clinical applications. The marine environment is a huge store of unexplored diversity of chemicals produced by a multitude of organisms. To date, marine microorganisms, microalgae, macroalgae, corals, sponges, and fishes have been evaluated for their anti-diabetic properties. The structural diversity of bioactive metabolites discovered has shown promising hypoglycaemic potential through in vitro and in vivo screenings via various mechanisms of action, such as PTP1B, α-glucosidase, α-amylase, β-glucosidase, and aldose reductase inhibition as well as PPAR alpha/gamma dual agonists activities. On the other hand, hypoglycaemic effect is also shown to be exerted through the balance of antioxidants and free radicals. This review highlights marine-derived chemicals with hypoglycaemic effects and their respective mechanisms of action in the management of DM in humans.Keywords: diabetes mellitus, marine organisms, bioactive metabolites, α-amylase inhibition, α-glucosidase inhibition, PTP1B inhibition, antioxidants

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