Understanding the impact of the COVID-19-related lockdown in university workers. Identifying groups through cluster analysis
H. De Sola,
A. Salazar,
J. Palomo-Osuna,
M. Dueñas,
I. Failde,
J.A. Moral-Munoz
Affiliations
H. De Sola
The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
A. Salazar
The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; Corresponding author.
J. Palomo-Osuna
The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
M. Dueñas
The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Department of Statistics and Operational Research, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain
I. Failde
The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Area, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain
J.A. Moral-Munoz
The Observatory of Pain, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain; Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
Objective: To analyse the COVID-19-related lockdown impact on University workers, to identify groups based on this information, and to study the factors associated with each group. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: A survey was conducted 3.5 weeks after COVID-19-related lockdown in University workers in Spain. Sociodemographic variables, housing, work, health conditions, levels of anxiety, stress and depression (DASS-21), and social support (MSPSS) were collected. A cluster analysis was performed to identify groups depending on the impact of the lockdown. Differences between groups were tested using Chi-square and Mann-Whitney-U tests, and associated factors with binary logistic regression. Results: We identified two groups of workers. “G1: Consequences in the daily life routine” was mainly composed of men, Research and Teaching Personnel (RTP) with more stable professional categories, higher income level, and bigger houses than people in G2. Participants in “G2: Concerns for the current and future well-being” presented worse intensity of pain than before the lockdown, more anxiety, depression, stress and less social support than people in G1. ASP (Administration and Services Personnel) had more risk of belonging to G2 than RTP (OR = 5.863). A higher number of people living at home decreased the risk of being in G2 (OR = 0.439). People with lower pain intensity had less risk of being in G2 (OR = 0.014), and this risk decreased as friends support increased (OR = 0.833). Conclusions: In G1, the consequences were immediately reflected in the stress resulting from changes in their daily work routine. In G2, the concerns were related to their professional future, with worse mental health, greater intensity of pain and less social support.
