Oral verrucous xanthoma in adolescents: a case report and literature review

Abstract

Objective To explore the etiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of verruciform xan⁃ thoma (VX) in adolescents to provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical data of a case of a palatal mass in a juvenile were analyzed, and the related literature was reviewed. Results The palatal mass was proven to be VX by histopathological examination. Surgical resection was performed, and the prognosis was good. A review of the literature shows that VX is a rare benign mucosal skin lesion of an unknown etiology, with an incidence of approximately 0.025%⁃0.094%; VX is mostly found in middle⁃aged people, with no significant difference by sex. The clinical manifestations are similar to those of a variety of diseases, such as squamous papilloma, verruca vulgaris, fibro⁃ ma, warty carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, which are not easy to distinguish and require histopathological diag⁃ nosis. The treatment of choice is surgical excision, with a low recurrence rate. Conclusion In the clinical experience of solitary mucosal masses in juveniles, it is necessary to send biopsy for pathological examination and avoid overtreat⁃ ment.

Keywords

• Verrucous xanthoma
• Adolescents
• Verrucous carcinoma
• Oral squamous cell carcinoma
• Hu⁃ man papillomavirus
• Macrophage
• Lymphocyte