Existence and uniqueness for a coupled PDE model for motor-induced microtubule organization

Abstract

Microtubules (MTs) are protein filaments that provide structure to the cytoskeleton of cells and a platform for the movement of intracellular substances. The spatial organization of MTs is crucial for a cell's form and function. MTs interact with a class of proteins called motor proteins that can transport and position individual filaments, thus contributing to overall organization. In this paper, we study the mathematical properties of a coupled partial differential equation (PDE) model, introduced by White et al. in 2015, that describes the motor-induced organization of MTs. The model consists of a nonlinear coupling of a hyperbolic PDE for bound motor proteins, a parabolic PDE for unbound motor proteins, and a transport equation for MT dynamics. We locally smooth the motor drift velocity in the equation for bound motor proteins. The mollification is not only critical for the analysis of the model, but also adds biological realism. We then use a Banach Fixed Point argument to show local existence and uniqueness of mild solutions. We highlight the applicability of the model by showing numerical simulations that are consistent with in vitro experiments.

Keywords

• Microtubule asters
• vortices
• mitotic spindle
• transport equations
• reaction-diffusion systems