Iminosugar Amino Acid idoBR1 Reduces Inflammatory Responses in Microglia

Abstract

(1) Background. Inflammation is reported to be a key factor in neurodegeneration. The microglia are immune cells present in the central nervous system; their activation results in the release of inflammatory cytokines and is thought to be related to aging and neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease. (2) Methods. A mouse BV-2 microglia cell line was activated using LPS and the anti-inflammatory cucumber-derived iminosugar amino acid idoBR1, (2R,3R,4R,5S)-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid, was used alongside dexamethasone as the control to determine whether it could reduce the inflammatory responses. (3) Results. A dose-dependent reduction in the LPS-induced production of the proinflammatory factors TNFα, IL-6, and nitric oxide and the transcription factor NF-κB was found. (4) Conclusions. Further investigations of the anti-inflammatory effects of idoBR1 in other models of neurodegenerative diseases are warranted.

Keywords

• (2<i>R</i>,3<i>R</i>,4<i>R</i>,5<i>S</i>)-3,4,5-trihydroxypiperidine-2-carboxylic acid
• iminosugar amino acid-idoBR1
• <i>Cucumis sativus</i>
• microglia cell line
• lipopolysaccharide
• pro-inflammatory factors