Disseminated sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis with testicular involvement

Abstract

Sporotrichosis is a growing public health concern especially due Sporothrix brasiliensis. We report a case of disseminated sporotrichosis involving the meninges, lungs, and testicles in a 35-year-old homeless man from Curitiba, Brazil. Fungal culture, histopathology, and molecular identification confirmed S. brasiliensis infection. Notably, testicular involvement—a rare complication of sporotrichosis—was initially misdiagnosed as a malignant tumor, leading to orchiectomy. A literature review identified only four previous cases of testicular sporotrichosis. This case underscores the potential for atypical presentations in immunocompromised patients and highlights the need for clinical vigilance in endemic regions, given the rising incidence of sporotrichosis.

Keywords

• Sporothrix brasiliensis
• Immunocompromised
• Disseminated
• Testicular