Risk factors of catheter-related thrombosis in early-stage breast cancer patients: a single-center retrospective study

Abstract

Luyuan Tan,1,2,* Ya Sun,3,* Liling Zhu,1,2,* Xin Lei,4 Dongya Liang,5 Nanyan Rao,1,2 Fengxi Su,1,2 Kai Chen,1,2 Shunrong Li1,2 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Breast Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shunrong Li; Kai ChenDepartment of Breast Surgery, Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou 510120, People’s Republic of ChinaTel [phone]Email [email protected]; [email protected]: Totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) are widely used in cancer patients. The main purpose of our study is to observe the incidence and identified risk factors of catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) in breast cancer patients with TIVAD.Patients and methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of consecutive breast cancer patients who received the ultrasound-guided TIVAD implantation for the administration of chemotherapy from 2013 to 2016. The primary outcome was CRT (both symptomatic and asymptomatic detected by ultrasound). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify the risk factors for breast cancer TIVAD-related CRT.Results: A total of 209 breast cancer patients with a newly implanted TIVAD for chemotherapy were included in this study. The average time of port duration was 7 months. Of the enrolled 209 patients, 33 patients (15.8%) had CRT, 2 of the 33 cases were symptomatic (1 pulmonary embolism, 1 deep-venous thrombosis [DVT]), the other 31 cases were asymptomatic detected by routine ultrasound examination of the catheter-associated vein before TIVAD removal with all cycles of chemotherapy completed. In total, 19 (57.6%) of CRT patients underwent directly TIVAD removal without any further treatments, 14 patients received anticoagulation treatments for 3–30 days followed by TIVAD removal. No DVT event was observed within at least 1.5 years of follow-up. In the multiple-variable analysis, tumor size >2 cm (OR 2.735, 95% CI 1.042–7.177; P=0.032), positive HbsAg (OR 2.803 95% CI 1.027–7.856; P=0.047) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) >3.6 mmol/L (OR 2.360, 95% CI 1.059–5.351; P=0.040) were the significant independent risk factors of breast cancer TIVAD-related CRT.Conclusion: CRT is a common complication in breast cancer patients with TIVAD for chemotherapy. Tumor size, HbsAg status and LDL level were independent predictors of breast cancer for TIVAD-related CRT. Removal of the port without anticoagulation treatments might be a feasible choice for asymptomatic TIVAD-related CRT.Keywords: deep-venous thrombosis, hepatitis B virus, breast cancer, totally implantable venous access devices

Keywords

• deep venous thrombosis
• Hepatitis B virus
• Breast cancer
• totally implantable venous access devices.