Establishment and Phytochemical Analysis of a Callus Culture from Ageratina pichinchensis (Asteraceae) and Its Anti-Inflammatory Activity
Mariana Sánchez-Ramos,
Silvia Marquina Bahena,
Antonio Romero-Estrada,
Antonio Bernabé-Antonio,
Francisco Cruz-Sosa,
Judith Gonzálesssz-Christen,
Juan José Acevedo-Fernández,
Irene Perea-Arango,
Laura Alvarez
Affiliations
Mariana Sánchez-Ramos
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
Silvia Marquina Bahena
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
Antonio Romero-Estrada
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
Antonio Bernabé-Antonio
Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Departamento de Madera, Universidad de Guadalajara, Celulosa y Papel, Km. 15.5 Carretera Guadalajara-Nogales, Zapopan, Jalisco 45100, Mexico
Francisco Cruz-Sosa
Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, Col. Vicentina, Del. Iztapalapa, Ciudad de Mexico 09340, Mexico
Judith Gonzálesssz-Christen
Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
Juan José Acevedo-Fernández
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Calle Leñeros s/n, Col. Los Volcanes, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62359, Mexico
Irene Perea-Arango
Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
Laura Alvarez
Centro de Investigaciones Químicas-IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62209, Mexico
A protocol was established to produce bioactive compounds in a callus culture of Ageratina pichinchensis by using 1 mg L−1 NAA with 0.1 mg L−1 KIN. The phytochemical study of the EtOAc extract obtained from the callus biomass, allowed the isolation and characterization of eleven secondary metabolites, of which dihydrobenzofuran (5) and 3-epilupeol (7), showed important anti-inflammatory activity. Compound 5 inhibits in vitro the secretion of NO (IC50 = 36.96 ± 1.06 μM), IL-6 (IC50 = 73.71 ± 3.21 μM), and TNF-α (IC50 = 73.20 ± 5.99 μM) in RAW (Murine macrophage cells) 264.7 macrophages, as well as the activation of NF-κB (40% at 150 μM) in RAW-blue macrophages, while compound 7 has been described that inhibit the in vivo TPA-induced ear edema, and the in vitro production of NO, and the PLA2 enzyme activity. In addition, quantitative GC-MS analysis showed that the anti-inflammatory metabolites 5 and 7 were not detected in the wild plant. Overall, our results indicated that A. pichinchensis can be used as an alternative biotechnological resource for obtaining anti-inflammatory compounds. This is the first report of the anti-inflammatory activity of compound 5 and its production in a callus culture of A. pichinchensis.
