Physical Review Research (Jun 2021)

Relative acceleration noise mitigation for nanocrystal matter-wave interferometry: Applications to entangling masses via quantum gravity

  • Marko Toroš,
  • Thomas W. van de Kamp,
  • Ryan J. Marshman,
  • M. S. Kim,
  • Anupam Mazumdar,
  • Sougato Bose

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevResearch.3.023178
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 3, no. 2
p. 023178

Abstract

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Matter-wave interferometers with large momentum transfers, irrespective of specific implementations, will face a universal dephasing due to relative accelerations between the interferometric mass and the associated apparatus. Here we propose a solution that works even without actively tracking the relative accelerations: putting both the interfering mass and its associated apparatus in a freely falling capsule, so that the strongest inertial noise components vanish due to the equivalence principle. In this setting, we investigate two of the most important remaining noise sources: (a) the noninertial jitter of the experimental setup and (b) the gravity-gradient noise. We show that the former can be reduced below desired values by appropriate pressures and temperatures, while the latter can be fully mitigated in a controlled environment. We finally apply the analysis to a recent proposal for testing the quantum nature of gravity [S. Bose et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 119, 240401 (2017)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.119.240401] through the entanglement of two masses undergoing interferometry. We show that the relevant entanglement witnessing is feasible with achievable levels of relative acceleration noise.