Effects of Light Intensity on Growth and Quality of Lettuce and Spinach Cultivars in a Plant Factory
Chen Miao,
Shaojun Yang,
Jing Xu,
Hong Wang,
Yongxue Zhang,
Jiawei Cui,
Hongmei Zhang,
Haijun Jin,
Panling Lu,
Lizhong He,
Jizhu Yu,
Qiang Zhou,
Xiaotao Ding
Affiliations
Chen Miao
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Shaojun Yang
Shanghai Youyou Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Yuanqu South Road No. 1000, Chongming District, Shanghai 202150, China
Jing Xu
Department of Horticulture, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Haiquan Road No. 100, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201418, China
Hong Wang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Yongxue Zhang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Jiawei Cui
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Hongmei Zhang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Haijun Jin
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Panling Lu
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Lizhong He
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Jizhu Yu
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Qiang Zhou
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
Xiaotao Ding
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Horticulture Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinqi Road No. 1000, Fengxian District, Shanghai 201403, China
The decreased quality of leafy vegetables and tipburn caused by inappropriate light intensity are serious problems faced in plant factories, greatly reducing the economic benefits. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively understand the impact of light intensity on the growth and quality of different crops and to develop precise lighting schemes for specific cultivars. Two lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivars—Crunchy and Deangelia—and one spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) cultivar—Shawen—were grown in a plant factory using a light-emitting diode (LED) under intensities of 300, 240, 180, and 120 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively. Cultivation in a solar greenhouse using only natural light (NL) served as the control. The plant height, number of leaves, and leaf width exhibited the highest values under a light intensity of 300 μmol m−2 s−1 for Crunchy. The plant width and leaf length of Deangelia exhibited the smallest values under a light intensity of 300 μmol m−2 s−1. The fresh weight of shoot and root, soluble sugar, soluble protein, and ascorbic acid contents in the three cultivars increased with the increasing light intensity. However, tipburn was observed in Crunchy under 300 μmol m−2 s−1 light intensity, and in Deangelia under both 300 and 240 μmol m−2 s−1 light intensities. Shawen spinach exhibited leaf curling under all four light intensities. The light intensities of 240 and 180 μmol m−2 s−1 were observed to be the most optimum for Crunchy and Deangelia (semi-heading lettuce variety), respectively, which would exhibit relative balance growth and morphogenesis. The lack of healthy leaves in Shawen spinach under all light intensities indicated the need to comprehensively optimize cultivation for Shawen in plant factories to achieve successful cultivation. The results indicated that light intensity is an important factor and should be optimized for specific crop species and cultivars to achieve healthy growth in plant factories.
