Application of GIS in Strategic Medical Research for Disease Prevention

Abstract

Background: Geographical information system (GIS) is a very easy-to-use software which makes simple use of descriptive and spatial data to create maps, charts and graphs possible. GIS provides necessary tools for search, data analysis and appropriate quality results. It features a database of and a great graphical user interface. Methods: This was a descriptive, analytical, empirical study. It aimed to introduce medical applications of GIS by using it in disease zoning. Findings: GIS is an application software through which spatial distribution pattern of some diseases can be presented. Thus, causes of each disease can be investigated and the qualitative and quantitative maps of spatial distribution pattern for each disease can be provided. Since not all diseases have infectious or genetic causes, GIS would be able to evaluate the associations between certain diseases and environmental factors. Conclusion: GIS is a useful software for zone classification of diseases. Spatial distribution of the diseases, provided by GIS, reveals remarkable results. For instance, finding the relations between particular diseases and environmental factors would pave the way for preventing and treating such diseases and reducing their health care costs.

Keywords

• GIS
• Health
• Environmental diseases
• Map