Fırat Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi (Jun 2023)
KUR’ÂN’DA “MESELÜHÛ KEMESELİ” TERKİBİYLE TEŞBİH BELAGATININ PSİKOLOJİK OLUŞUMU
Abstract
In this study we take up the psychological motives of the simile made with the combination of "mathaluh kamathal" in the Qur'an are discussed. In this sense, this article aimed to establish that rhetoric is related to psychology in many ways. The most obvious of these aspects are the fact that the speech creates a psychological effect on the interlocutor and that there are various types of this effect on the soul of the person. However, since psychology as a science has a breadth beyond the scope of our study, the focus here is on psychological motives as a matter of psychological epistemology, the role of psychological motives, which are also related to morality in terms of regulating human behavior in the Qur'an, has been scrutinized. It has been possible to determine the effect of rhetoric on human motivation, to reach this goal in this issue of simile, which is made with the combination of "mathaluh kamathal" in different verses, we chose that rhetorical structure as a basis in terms of being the most eloquent and persuasive in speaking of Arabic as an application area in the Qur'an. This composition "mesalühû kemeseli" has a great importance especially in the psychological formation of the image created by the Qur'an, we seek to examine the referential and functional importance of using this rhetoric in terms of its relationship with psychological motives. The influence of psychological significance in shaping that pattern of analogy is determined. The connections between psychology and the eloquence of psychological simile were analyzed in the context of the use of the compound "mathaluh kamathal" in the Qur'an, and this analysis is based on three dimensions. first of all, avoiding the negative opposite to encourage positive psychological motivation; secondly, to strengthen the psychological motive of knowledge; The third is to exclude the psychological motive of imitation in human situations in which reason should be applied. The positive motive is encouraged by reference to the representative simile, which includes two opposing motives. So that the positive motive eliminates the negative motive. For this reason, it is excluded from the field of behavior by avoiding negative motivation through representative simile. Next, positive motivation is encouraged through another representative simile. In the construction of the aesthetic image, two or more representative similes are common in order to influence the addressee for the correction of human behavior. Sometimes simile takes place in the way of describing one thing with various adjectives of another thing due to diversity in representation. This diversity coincides with the identification of needs that are the source of the motives. Essentially, it is known that needs arise because of something that man lacks, and this leads people to achieve or realize that thing in order to ensure their psychological stability, and so on the behavior is affected as it is a tool of this process. This issue is clearly seen in the representative similes made in the Qur'an by the combination of "mathaluh kamathal" and aim to encourage the instinct of knowing together with motive of ideal behavior. Thus, it has been determined how to construct the simile used to express the effect of the psychological motivation of imitation on the individual and society. We also tried to provide a deep analysis of the signs of aesthetic similarity of the psychological image in the scene of the imaginary simile that was created through the representation of the metaphor with the combination of "mathaluh kamathal" one after the other.
