Herbicide Resistance and Management Options of <i>Papaver rhoeas</i> L. and <i>Centaurea cyanus</i> L. in Europe: A Review
Marta Stankiewicz-Kosyl,
Agnieszka Synowiec,
Małgorzata Haliniarz,
Anna Wenda-Piesik,
Krzysztof Domaradzki,
Danuta Parylak,
Mariola Wrochna,
Elżbieta Pytlarz,
Dorota Gala-Czekaj,
Katarzyna Marczewska-Kolasa,
Katarzyna Marcinkowska,
Tadeusz Praczyk
Affiliations
Marta Stankiewicz-Kosyl
Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Warsaw Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Agnieszka Synowiec
Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
Małgorzata Haliniarz
Department of Herbology and Plant Cultivation Techniques, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
Anna Wenda-Piesik
Department of Agronomics, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, UTP University of Science and Technology, Al. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Krzysztof Domaradzki
Department of Weed Science and Soil Tillage Systems, Institute of Soil Sciences and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Orzechowa 61, 50-540 Wrocław, Poland
Danuta Parylak
Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24A, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
Mariola Wrochna
Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Warsaw Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
Elżbieta Pytlarz
Institute of Agroecology and Plant Production, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, pl. Grunwaldzki 24A, 50-363 Wrocław, Poland
Dorota Gala-Czekaj
Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Economics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland
Katarzyna Marczewska-Kolasa
Department of Weed Science and Soil Tillage Systems, Institute of Soil Sciences and Plant Cultivation—State Research Institute, Orzechowa 61, 50-540 Wrocław, Poland
Katarzyna Marcinkowska
Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, ul. Władysława Węgorka 20, Poznań 60-318, Poland
Tadeusz Praczyk
Institute of Plant Protection—National Research Institute, ul. Władysława Węgorka 20, Poznań 60-318, Poland
Corn poppy (Papaver rhoeas L.) and cornflower (Centaurea cyanus L.) are two overwintering weed species found in crop fields in Europe. They are characterised by a similar life cycle, similar competitive efforts, and a spectrum of herbicides recommended for their control. This review summarises the biology and herbicide resistance phenomena of corn poppy and cornflower in Europe. Corn poppy is one of the most dangerous dicotyledonous weeds, having developed herbicide resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors and growth regulators, especially in Mediterranean countries and Great Britain. Target site resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors dominates among herbicide-resistant poppy biotypes. The importance of non-target site resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors in this species may be underestimated because non-target site resistance is very often associated with target site resistance. Cornflower, meanwhile, is increasingly rare in European agricultural landscapes, with acetolactate synthase inhibitors-resistant biotypes only listed in Poland. However, the mechanisms of cornflower herbicide resistance are not well recognised. Currently, herbicides mainly from acetolactate synthase and photosystem II inhibitors as well as from synthetic auxins groups are recommended for the control of both weeds. Integrated methods of management of both weeds, especially herbicide-resistant biotypes, continue to be underrepresented.
