Visible-Light-Mediated Catalyst-Free [2+2] Cycloaddition Reaction for Dihydrocyclobuta[<i>b</i>]naphthalene-3,8-diones Synthesis under Mild Conditions

Abstract

A facile and efficient visible-light-mediated method for directly converting 1,4-naphthoquinones into dihydrocyclo-buta[b]naphthalene-3,8-diones (DHCBNDOs) under mild and clean conditions without using any photocatalysts is reported. This approach exhibited favorable compatibility with functional groups and afforded a series of DHCBNDOs with excellent regioselectivity and high yields. Moreover, detailed mechanism studies were carried out both experimentally and theoretically. The readily accessible, low-cost and ecofriendly nature of the developed strategy will endow it with attractive applications in organic and medicinal chemistry.

Keywords

• green chemistry
• photocycloaddition
• visible-light photocatalysis
• [2+2] cycloaddition
• dihydrocyclobuta[<i>b</i>]naphthalene-3,8-diones