The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2023)
TESS Hunt for Young and Maturing Exoplanets (THYME). IX. A 27 Myr Extended Population of Lower Centaurus Crux with a Transiting Two-planet System
- Mackenna L. Wood,
- Andrew W. Mann,
- Madyson G. Barber,
- Jonathan L. Bush,
- Adam L. Kraus,
- Benjamin M. Tofflemire,
- Andrew Vanderburg,
- Elisabeth R. Newton,
- Gregory A. Feiden,
- George Zhou,
- Luke G. Bouma,
- Samuel N. Quinn,
- David J. Armstrong,
- Ares Osborn,
- Vardan Adibekyan,
- Elisa Delgado Mena,
- Sergio G. Sousa,
- Jonathan Gagné,
- Matthew J. Fields,
- Reilly P. Milburn,
- Pa Chia Thao,
- Stephen P. Schmidt,
- Crystal L. Gnilka,
- Steve B. Howell,
- Nicholas M. Law,
- Carl Ziegler,
- César Briceño,
- George R. Ricker,
- Roland Vanderspek,
- David W. Latham,
- Sara Seager,
- Joshua N. Winn,
- Jon M. Jenkins,
- Joshua E. Schlieder,
- Hugh P. Osborn,
- Joseph D. Twicken,
- David R. Ciardi,
- Chelsea X. Huang
Affiliations
- Mackenna L. Wood
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Andrew W. Mann
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Madyson G. Barber
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Jonathan L. Bush
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Adam L. Kraus
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Benjamin M. Tofflemire
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Andrew Vanderburg
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Elisabeth R. Newton
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
- Gregory A. Feiden
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of North Georgia , Dahlonega, GA 30597, USA
- George Zhou
- ORCiD
- Centre for Astrophysics, University of Southern Queensland , West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- Luke G. Bouma
- ORCiD
- Cahill Center for Astrophysics, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Samuel N. Quinn
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- David J. Armstrong
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Ares Osborn
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK; Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick , Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Vardan Adibekyan
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto , CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal; Departamento de Física e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto , Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
- Elisa Delgado Mena
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto , CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
- Sergio G. Sousa
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica e Ciências do Espaço, Universidade do Porto , CAUP, Rua das Estrelas, 4150-762 Porto, Portugal
- Jonathan Gagné
- ORCiD
- Planétarium Rio Tinto Alcan, Espace pour la Vie , 4801 av. Pierre-de Coubertin, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Institute for Research on Exoplanets, Université de Montréal , Department de Physique, C.P. 6128 Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Matthew J. Fields
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Reilly P. Milburn
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Pa Chia Thao
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Stephen P. Schmidt
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Crystal L. Gnilka
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , Caltech/IPAC, Mail Code 100-22, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
- Steve B. Howell
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Nicholas M. Law
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA ; [email protected]
- Carl Ziegler
- ORCiD
- Dunlap Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H4, Canada
- César Briceño
- ORCiD
- Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory , Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile
- George R. Ricker
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Roland Vanderspek
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- David W. Latham
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics ∣ Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
- Sara Seager
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics , MIT, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Joshua N. Winn
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
- Jon M. Jenkins
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA
- Joshua E. Schlieder
- ORCiD
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Hugh P. Osborn
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics and Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Physikalisches Institut, University of Bern , Gesellsschaftstrasse 6, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Joseph D. Twicken
- ORCiD
- NASA Ames Research Center , Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA; SETI Institute , Mountain View, CA 94043, USA
- David R. Ciardi
- ORCiD
- Caltech/IPAC, NASA Exoplanet Science Institute , 770 S. Wilson Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91106, USA
- Chelsea X. Huang
- ORCiD
- University of Southern Queensland , Centre for Astrophysics, West Street, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aca8fc
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 165,
no. 3
p. 85
Abstract
We report the discovery and characterization of a nearby (∼85 pc), older (27 ± 3 Myr), distributed stellar population near Lower Centaurus Crux (LCC), initially identified by searching for stars comoving with a candidate transiting planet from TESS (HD 109833; TOI 1097). We determine the association membership using Gaia kinematics, color–magnitude information, and rotation periods of candidate members. We measure its age using isochrones, gyrochronology, and Li depletion. While the association is near known populations of LCC, we find that it is older than any previously found LCC subgroup (10–16 Myr), and distinct in both position and velocity. In addition to the candidate planets around HD 109833, the association contains four directly imaged planetary-mass companions around three stars, YSES-1, YSES-2, and HD 95086, all of which were previously assigned membership in the younger LCC. Using the Notch pipeline, we identify a second candidate transiting planet around HD 109833. We use a suite of ground-based follow-up observations to validate the two transit signals as planetary in nature. HD 109833 b and c join the small but growing population of <100 Myr transiting planets from TESS. HD 109833 has a rotation period and Li abundance indicative of a young age (≲100 Myr), but a position and velocity on the outskirts of the new population, lower Li levels than similar members, and a color–magnitude diagram position below model predictions for 27 Myr. So, we cannot reject the possibility that HD 109833 is a young field star coincidentally nearby the population.
Keywords
