Reflections on the Effects of Climate Change on Biodiversity from Caatinga / Reflexões sobre os efeitos das Mudanças Climáticas na Biodiversidade da Caatinga

Abstract

The Caatinga is located in the semiarid region, and is the only genuinely Brazilian biome. It occupies an area of 1,037,517.80 km2, covering nine northeastern states, plus the northern region of Minas Gerais. The Caatinga has a considerable number of endemic species. The flora has 596 tree and shrub species recorded, 180 of these are endemic. , Amphibian species 17, 44, reptiles, birds 695 and 120 of mammals, a total of 876 species of vertebrate animals were also found. New species of animals and plants have been recently described, indicating a still insufficient zoological and botanical knowledge. Despite the diversity, the savanna is one of the most degraded biomes, especially the conversion of Caatinga in agricultural systems (pasture and crops), and the use of timber forest resources for firewood, charcoal, fencing, construction, furniture and crafts. This study aimed to reflect on the climatic effects on biodiversity conservation, based on data obtained from literature review. It was evident that from the 1980s, scientific evidence on the possibility of climate change worldwide have attracted increasing interests in the public and the scientific community in general. The issue of climate change has dramatically changed the agenda for discussion on the major issues and dilemmas of today. If before, the diagnosis of environmental problems were considered scientific preciosism today about global warming and climate change are becoming routinely known, spreading to all segments of society.

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