Frontiers in Immunology (Sep 2022)

Case Report: Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe combined immunodeficiency

  • Shuangjun Liu,
  • Feng Huo,
  • Guorui Dai,
  • Jie Wu,
  • Maoquan Qin,
  • Huawei Mao,
  • Quan Wang

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.960749
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13

Abstract

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We report a case of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The patient had sever bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccine–caused disseminated infection and had received allogeneic HSCT for X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency disease. After HSCT, complicated by treatment-responding veno-occlusive disease and acute graft-versus-host disease, at the time when immunosuppressants were withdrawn, the patient experienced recurrent fever accompanied by elevated inflammatory indicators. After receiving glucocorticoids and ibuprofen, the patient’s condition improved, and a diagnosis with BCG-related IRIS was made.

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