The Astronomical Journal (Jan 2023)
TOI-5205b: A Short-period Jovian Planet Transiting a Mid-M Dwarf
- Shubham Kanodia,
- Suvrath Mahadevan,
- Jessica Libby-Roberts,
- Gudmundur Stefansson,
- Caleb I. Cañas,
- Anjali A. A. Piette,
- Alan Boss,
- Johanna Teske,
- John Chambers,
- Greg Zeimann,
- Andrew Monson,
- Paul Robertson,
- Joe P. Ninan,
- Andrea S. J. Lin,
- Chad F. Bender,
- William D. Cochran,
- Scott A. Diddams,
- Arvind F. Gupta,
- Samuel Halverson,
- Suzanne Hawley,
- Henry A. Kobulnicky,
- Andrew J. Metcalf,
- Brock A. Parker,
- Luke Powers,
- Lawrence W. Ramsey,
- Arpita Roy,
- Christian Schwab,
- Tera N. Swaby,
- Ryan C. Terrien,
- John Wisniewski
Affiliations
- Shubham Kanodia
- ORCiD
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA ; [email protected]; Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Suvrath Mahadevan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; ETH Zurich, Institute for Particle Physics & Astrophysics , Switzerland
- Jessica Libby-Roberts
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Gudmundur Stefansson
- ORCiD
- Department of Astrophysical Sciences, Princeton University , 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
- Caleb I. Cañas
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , 8800 Greenbelt Road, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Anjali A. A. Piette
- ORCiD
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA ; [email protected]
- Alan Boss
- ORCiD
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA ; [email protected]
- Johanna Teske
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA ; [email protected]
- John Chambers
- ORCiD
- Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science , 5241 Broad Branch Road, NW, Washington, DC 20015, USA ; [email protected]
- Greg Zeimann
- ORCiD
- Hobby Eberly Telescope, University of Texas , Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Andrew Monson
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- Paul Robertson
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of California Irvine , Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Joe P. Ninan
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research , Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai 400005, India
- Andrea S. J. Lin
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Chad F. Bender
- ORCiD
- Steward Observatory, The University of Arizona , 933 N. Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
- William D. Cochran
- ORCiD
- McDonald Observatory and Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , USA; Center for Planetary Systems Habitability, The University of Texas at Austin , USA
- Scott A. Diddams
- ORCiD
- Electrical, Computer & Energy Engineering, University of Colorado , 425 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Department of Physics, University of Colorado , 2000 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO 80309, USA; Time and Frequency Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology , 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305, USA
- Arvind F. Gupta
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Samuel Halverson
- ORCiD
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory , 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
- Suzanne Hawley
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Box 351580, University of Washington , Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Henry A. Kobulnicky
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Wyoming , Laramie, WY 82070, USA
- Andrew J. Metcalf
- ORCiD
- Space Vehicles Directorate, Air Force Research Laboratory , 3550 Aberdeen Avenue SE, Kirtland AFB, NM 87117, USA
- Brock A. Parker
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Wyoming , Laramie, WY 82070, USA
- Luke Powers
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Lawrence W. Ramsey
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy & Astrophysics, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA; Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds, 525 Davey Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University , University Park, PA 16802, USA
- Arpita Roy
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Christian Schwab
- ORCiD
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University , Balaclava Road, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
- Tera N. Swaby
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Wyoming , Laramie, WY 82070, USA
- Ryan C. Terrien
- ORCiD
- Carleton College , One North College Street, Northfield, MN 55057, USA
- John Wisniewski
- ORCiD
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, George Mason University , 4400 University Drive, MS 3F3, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acabce
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 165,
no. 3
p. 120
Abstract
We present the discovery of TOI-5205b, a transiting Jovian planet orbiting a solar metallicity M4V star, which was discovered using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and then confirmed using a combination of precise radial velocities, ground-based photometry, spectra, and speckle imaging. TOI-5205b has one of the highest mass ratios for M-dwarf planets, with a mass ratio of almost 0.3%, as it orbits a host star that is just 0.392 ± 0.015 M _⊙ . Its planetary radius is 1.03 ± 0.03 R _J , while the mass is 1.08 ± 0.06 M _J . Additionally, the large size of the planet orbiting a small star results in a transit depth of ∼7%, making it one of the deepest transits of a confirmed exoplanet orbiting a main-sequence star. The large transit depth makes TOI-5205b a compelling target to probe its atmospheric properties, as a means of tracing the potential formation pathways. While there have been radial-velocity-only discoveries of giant planets around mid-M dwarfs, this is the first transiting Jupiter with a mass measurement discovered around such a low-mass host star. The high mass of TOI-5205b stretches conventional theories of planet formation and disk scaling relations that cannot easily recreate the conditions required to form such planets.
Keywords
