Известия Томского политехнического университета: Инжиниринг георесурсов (Sep 2017)
Monitoring of transfer of the near-bottom flow of the sediments in coastal zone of the shelf to identify the main parameters of the models of the ecosystems
Abstract
The relevance of the work is determined by the need to simulate possible scenarios of development of natural processes and the associated environment, in the conditions of active development of the shelf. The main aim of the paper: identify the integral relationships of endogenous and exogenous factors of sedimentation, determining the indicators of the direction of the processes during transport of the near-bottom flow of sediment characterizing the structural tectonic block and the environment in place of sedimentation for inclusion in the model of geo-ecological conditions of ecosystems. Research methods: sampling of sediments was made using bottom sampling-stations, representing a welded construction with removable sediment samplers - tubes with diameter of 100 mm and height of 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 cm; binding on the ground was made by a compact handheld Garmin eTrex Legend HCx; entry in the catalogue of coordinates of observation points was carried out in geographic coordinates with the possibility to print; underwater photography, videography and aerial photography were carried out using a special camera Nikon Coolpix; bathymetric research on the area was conducted by means of dual frequency sounder DF3200 Echotrack MK III; granulometric composition of the samples was defined by laser particle size analyzer Shimadzu SALD 2300; aerial photography was carried out at each stage in the quantity of 10 routes with the use of the paraglider; underwater surveys of the seabed on stations of sampling were made by divers; used data of satellite shooting from vehicles TERRА and Landsat. Results. Estimates of the research of geo-ecological processes in coastal parts of the shelf according to experimental studies were conducted in 2012-2014 in the South-Eastern shelf of Sakhalin island. Observing the behavior of particles of sedimentary material in the bottom stream. Integral connection of endogenous and exogenous factors was revealed. Behavioral indicators characterizing the state of structural blocks and the environment of sedimentation were also defined. Conclusions. In the bottom sediments, an exogenous factor in the conditions created by its variables - currents and wind - brings on the studied area the sedimentary material which is distributed over the volume and dimensions at different levels of near-bottom flow. Endogenous factor forms the coastal and bottom topography, transition zone from the beach to a local hill - bar, - within which the sediment is transported and accumulated and mesorelief is formed.
