Decoding Anaerobic Digestion: A Holistic Analysis of Biomass Waste Technology, Process Kinetics, and Operational Variables
Oluwafunmilayo Abiola Aworanti,
Oluseye Omotoso Agbede,
Samuel Enahoro Agarry,
Ayobami Olu Ajani,
Oyetola Ogunkunle,
Opeyeolu Timothy Laseinde,
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman,
Islam Md Rizwanul Fattah
Affiliations
Oluwafunmilayo Abiola Aworanti
Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Group (BBERG), Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria
Oluseye Omotoso Agbede
Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Group (BBERG), Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria
Samuel Enahoro Agarry
Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Group (BBERG), Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria
Ayobami Olu Ajani
Biochemical and Bioenvironmental Engineering Research Group (BBERG), Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria
Oyetola Ogunkunle
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
Opeyeolu Timothy Laseinde
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Technology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
S. M. Ashrafur Rahman
Biofuel Engine Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
Islam Md Rizwanul Fattah
Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater (CTWW), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
The continual generation and discharge of waste are currently considered two of the main environmental problems worldwide. There are several waste management options that can be applied, though anaerobic digestion (AD) process technology seems to be one of the best, most reliable, and feasible technological options that have attracted remarkable attention due to its benefits, including the generation of renewable energy in the form of biogas and biomethane. There is a large amount of literature available on AD; however, with the continuous, progressive, and innovative technological development and implementation, as well as the inclusion of increasingly complex systems, it is necessary to update current knowledge on AD process technologies, process variables and their role on AD performance, and the kinetic models that are most commonly used to describe the process-reaction kinetics. This paper, therefore, reviewed the AD process technologies for treating or processing organic biomass waste with regard to its classification, the mechanisms involved in the process, process variables that affect the performance, and the process kinetics. Gazing into the future, research studies on reduced MS-AD operational cost, integrated or hybrid AD-biorefinery technology, integrated or hybrid AD-thermochemical process, novel thermochemical reactor development, nutrient recovery from integrated AD-thermochemical process, and solid and liquid residual disposal techniques are more likely to receive increased attention for AD process technology of biomass wastes.
