Zhongguo shuxue zazhi (Jun 2025)

Impact of blood component transfusion on the prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury

  • YAO Qimin,
  • CHEN Cheng,
  • WANG Zhicheng,
  • XIA Rong

DOI
https://doi.org/10.13303/j.cjbt.issn.1004-549x.2025.06.005
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 38, no. 6
pp. 777 – 781

Abstract

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[Objective] To investigate the effects of blood component transfusion on the prognosis of patients with varying severity of traumatic brain injury (TBI). [Methods] A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data from 621 TBI patients admitted between January 2012 and December 2022. The patients in the blood transfusion group were categorized into three groups based on Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores: severe impairment (GCS 3-8, n=302), moderate impairment (GCS 9-12, n=186), and mild impairment (GCS 13-14, n=133). General clinical data and laboratory test indexes were analyzed. Patients were further divided into two subgroups based on in-hospital mortality: death group (n=72) vs survival group (n=549). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of different blood component transfusion volumes on the prognosis of TBI patients. ROC curve was used to evaluate the prognostic value of red blood cell transfusion volume. [Results] Patients with GCS scores 3-8 had significantly longer hospital stays (21.73±15.89 vs 20.83±11.54 vs 15.5±7.76) and higher RBC transfusion volumes (6.16±6.79 vs 4.67±2.81 vs 3.67±3.20) than the other two groups (P<0.05). NLR, PCT, CRP, PT, Fib, FDP and DDI after the last transfusion showed significant differences from pre-transfusion values (P<0.05). The death group exhibited higher transfusion volumes of RBCs, plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitate compared with the survival group (P<0.05). Univariate (OR: 1.541, 95%CI: 1.412-1.682) and multivariate (OR: 1.522, 95%CI: 1.362-1.700) logistic regression analyses showed that the RBC transfusion volume was a risk factor affecting the prognostic factors of TBI patients after infusion of blood components. ROC curve analysis showed that RBC transfusion volume could serve as a prognostic marker (sensitivity: 0.708, specificity: 0.812). [Conclusion] Blood component transfusion alters inflammatory and coagulation markers in patients with different degrees of TBI, and RBC transfusion volume is a viable prognostic indicator for TBI outcomes.

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