Selection of parent pairs for the breeding process based on adaptive ability and environmental sustainability of spring barley varieties

Abstract

Varietal diversity and study of the source material for the breeding process is an important condition when creating a new variety with the necessary economically valuable characteristics, considering the requirements of agricultural producers and the processing industry. The task of breeders at the first stage of cultivar creation is to select from a collection nursery set high-yielding varieties resistant to pests and diseases, able to withstand various climatic stresses, to determine the adaptive ability to identify the positive and negative sides of genotypes, and creatively apply them in the breeding process. During 2018-2021, 94 varieties of spring barley of various ecological and geographical origin were studied. As a result of scientific research and mathematical calculations of the adaptability indicators of varieties, genotypes with a positive combination of high yield and their resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors were selected. Depending on the tasks set before breeding, varieties with positive adaptive abilities should be used in crosses: Azov (Russia), Lun (Russia), Medicum 336 (Russia), Corona (Ukraine), Effect (Ukraine), Grace (Germany), Delphine (France), Leon (Germany), Desnina (Germany), Collil (UK).