Relative phytochemical analysis of Pathyadi Kwath and Pathyadi Kwath Arka with special reference to andrographolide by high-performance thin-layer chromatography

Abstract

Introduction: Pathyadi Kwath is the known formulation of Sharangdhara Samhita for all Urdhwajatrugata (diseases above the neck) disorders such as Shirashul (headache), Karnashul (earache), Dantashul (toothache), and Netrashul (pain in eyes). The present study was aimed to carry out a comparative phytochemical analysis between Pathyadi Kwath and its Arka. Both the drugs were prepared using ingredients such as Haritaki, Bibhitaki, Aamalaki, Nimba, Bhunimba, Guduchi, and Haridra. Part used were fruits, stem bark, whole plant, rhizome, and stem, respectively. The distillation process was used for the making of Pathyadi Kwath Arka (extract). Methods: The phytochemical evaluates of both the products were carried out as per the standard process. The comparison was done to evaluate Andrographolide content in both samples. High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) was performed with standard marker compound Andrographolide and that was extracted using methanol. The rotary extract, which was obtained after 24 h, was employed. The mobile phase used for HPTLC was toluene: Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Glacial acetic acid (7:2:3:0.5). Results: The Rf value for Andrographolide was 0.20, 0.25, 0.32, 0.50, 0.63, 0.72, 0.80; for Pathyadi Kwath 0.19, 0.24, 0.32, 0.49, 0.62, 0.71, 0.79; and for Pathyadi Kwath Arka 0.19, 0.26, 0.33, 0.50, 0.63, 0.72, and 0.79. The comparison of Rf values suggests the presence of Andrographolide in both samples. Conclusion: The AUC (area under the curve) evaluation indicates the equal concentration of Andrographolide. Pathyadi Kwath Arka is a good alternative when low doses, faster action, better patient compliance, and higher potency for easier absorption are required.

Keywords

• andrographolide
• migraine
• pathyadi kwath
• pathyadi kwath arka
• phytochemical analysis