Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery (Apr 1991)
Endomiocardiofibrose: resultados do tratamento cirúrgico com conservação das valvas atrioventriculares Endomyocardial fibrosis: results of the surgical treatment with atrioventricular valve preservation
Abstract
Entre abril de 1988 e janeiro de 1991, foram operados 25 pacientes consecutivos, para correção de endomiocardiofibrose, com técnica conservadora das valvas atrioventriculares. Dezenove pacientes eram do sexo feminino e seis do masculino. As idades variaram de 11 a 59 anos, com média de 40,6 anos. Dezesete pacientes apresentavam acometimento biventricular, seis com comprometimento do ventrículo esquerdo e apenas dois pacientes com lesão isolada do ventrículo direito. Todos estavam em grupos avançados de insuficiência cardíaca, sendo 19 em grupo IV da NYHA e seis no grupo III. No pré-operatório, 24 apresentavam insuficiência da valva tricúspide e 22 apresentavam insuficiência da valva mitral. Todos os pacientes foram operados com o auxílio de circulação extracorpórea e hipotermia sistêmica de 28ºC e pinçamento aórtico intermitente, para melhor exposição das cavidades ventriculares. A fibrose ventricular direita foi sempre ressecada através da valva tricúspide, enquanto que a fibrose do ventrículo esquerdo foi removida através de pequena ventriculotomia esquerda apical. Em todos os pacientes com insuficiência tricúspide, foi feita plástica anular do tipo DeVega. Dos pacientes com insuficiência mitral, sete tiveram correção espontânea após a ressecção da fibrose, e os outros 15 receberam anuloplastia. Houve apenas um (4%) óbito no pós-operatório imediato e nenhum óbito tardio. A recuperação funcional foi boa, estando atualmente 16 pacientes em grupo funcional I e 8 em grupo II.Between April 1988 and January 1991 we operated on 25 consecutive patients with endomyocardial fibrosis (EMF) with an approach to preserve the atrioventricular valves. Nineteen patients were females and six males. Their ages ranged from 11 to 5 years, with an average of 40.6 years. Seventeen patients had biventricular involvement, six had involvement of the left ventricle and only two patients had an isolated lesion of the right ventricle. All of them were in advanced stage of heart failure, 19 of which were in class IV of the NYHA, and six were in class III. Prior to the operation, tricuspid insufficiency was present in 24 patients and mitrai insufficiency was present in 22 patients. All the patients were operated on with the support of extracorporeal circulation and systemic hipothermia of 28ºC. Intermitent aortic cross-clamping was used so as to permit better exposition of the ventricular cavities. The fibrosis of the right ventricle was always removed through the tricuspid valve, while the fibrosis of the left ventricle was removed through a small apical left ventriculotomy in all the patients. An DeVega's annuloplasty of the tricuspid valve was necessary in all the patients with tricuspid insuffiency. On the other hand, seven patients had spontaneous correction of the ventricle insufficiency after the removal of the fibrosis of the left ventricle, while fifteen needed an annuloplasty. There was one (4.0%) in-hospital death and no late deaths. All patients experienced clinical improvement and are in NYHA functional class I or II.
