Историческая этнология (Jul 2024)
Urban interethnic community through the lens of state national policy
Abstract
Relying on the theoretical and empirical developments of representatives of the Novosibirsk scientific ethnosociological school on ethnosocial issues, the author updates and develops them in the aspect of the special emphasis of the state national policy on cities. In existing doctrinal documents, which have serious conceptual limitations and gaps on basic issues, there is no such emphasis, although it is cities today that set the dominant trends in the ethnosocial dynamics of society and at the same time concentrate the most pressing problems in the sphere of interethnic relations and national politics. The necessity of developing and implementing in practice an effective integration national policy at different levels of social organization, including its regional and local scale, is substantiated. The implementation of this task is associated with considering the city as an interethnic community, which develops in the course of localised ethnosocial processes and which is proposed to be perceived as a complex object of national policy at the municipal level. In contrast to the term “multi-ethnic community”, which is common in the West, the concept of “inter-ethnic community”, according to the author, reflects not only the presence of a certain set of ethnically marked subjects and the difference in their positions in a specific socio-cultural space, but also a certain level of their interdependence and integration. The contradictory patterns of city functioning under the influence of migration processes, which have projections into modern times, are highlighted. The features of the Concept of sustainable ethno-social development of the multinational community of the city of Novosibirsk, which was developed with the participation of the author and adopted as a regulatory document for the implementation of state ethnic policy in the largest municipal formation in Russia, are recorded. It is concluded that in order to create an effective mechanism for managing the ethnosocial development of the urban interethnic community, as well as municipalities in general, it is necessary to expand the powers of local authorities and create real institutional, legal, administrative, financial and personnel capabilities.
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