International Journal of Infectious Diseases (Dec 2022)
A(H3N2) antigenic variation of influenza is associated with low vaccine efficacy in the early 2018 influenza season in Mexico City
- Victor Alberto Hernández-Hernández,
- Anjarath Lorena Higuera-Iglesias,
- Gabriel Palma-Cortes,
- Daniela Tapia-Trejo,
- Santiago Ávila-Ríos,
- Rubén Roberto González-Fernández,
- Luis Ángel Pérez-Moreno,
- Joaquín Alejandro Zuñiga-Ramos,
- Cristóbal Guadarrama-Pérez,
- José Luis Sandoval-Gutiérrez,
- Carlos Cabello-Gutiérrez, Dr
Affiliations
- Victor Alberto Hernández-Hernández
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Anjarath Lorena Higuera-Iglesias
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Gabriel Palma-Cortes
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Daniela Tapia-Trejo
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Santiago Ávila-Ríos
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Rubén Roberto González-Fernández
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Luis Ángel Pérez-Moreno
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Joaquín Alejandro Zuñiga-Ramos
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Cristóbal Guadarrama-Pérez
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- José Luis Sandoval-Gutiérrez
- National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Carlos Cabello-Gutiérrez, Dr
- Corresponding author: Carlos Cabello-Gutiérrez, Virology and Mycology Research Department, “Ismael Cosío Villegas” National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, Section XVI, Tlalpan, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Department of Research in Virology and Mycology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Autonomous University of Mexico, Postgraduate in Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Research in Clinical Epidemiology, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Infectious Disease Research Center, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Immunobiology and Genetics Laboratory, Mexico City, Mexico; Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Mexico City, Mexico; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases “Ismael Cosio Villegas” (INER), Institutional Influenza Committee, Mexico City, Mexico
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 125
pp. 114 – 119
Abstract
Objectives: We evaluated the VE and the mutations of the viruses present in the Mexican population at the beginning of 2018. Methods: We diagnosed influenza in outpatients with a high-performance Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT) qRT–PCR. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population, while the chi-square test was used to determine clinical variables. VE was analyzed through a negative test design. We sequenced the hemagglutinin (HA) gene, performed a phylogenetic analysis, and analyzed the nonsynonymous substitutions both in and outside antigenic sites. Results: Of the 240 patients analyzed, 42.5% received the trivalent vaccine, and 37.5% were positive for influenza. The VE for the general population for any influenza virus type or subtype was 37.0%, while the VE for the predominant influenza A(H3N2) subtype was the lowest (19.7%). The phylogenetic analysis of HA showed the co-circulation of clades and subclades 3C.2a1, 3C.2a1b, 3C.2a2, 3C.2a2re, 3C.2a3, and 3C.3a with identities approximately 97-98% similar to the vaccine composition. Conclusion: Low VE was related to the co-circulation of multiple clades and subclades of influenza A(H3N2), with sufficient genetic and phenotypic distance to allow for the infection of vaccinated individuals.
