Iraqi Journal of Hematology (Jan 2021)

The pattern of bone marrow involvement among chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients and its impact on the disease outcome in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

  • Marwa Nadhim Karam,
  • Kawa M Hasan,
  • Nawsherwan S Mohammed,
  • Ahmed K Yassin,
  • Shokhan Mohammad Mustafa,
  • Lara Lateef Abdulrahman,
  • Ranan K Polis,
  • Ghanim S Numan,
  • Shlan S Mohammed,
  • Rawand P Shamoon,
  • Bryar Sabah Rashid,
  • Sana D Jalal,
  • Rozhhat A Yousif,
  • Zeki A Mohamed,
  • Tavan I Mahmood,
  • Basil K Abdulla,
  • Dana A Abdullah,
  • Zhalla O Ahmed1,
  • Hisham A Getta

DOI
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijh.ijh_27_21
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 2
pp. 158 – 164

Abstract

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OBJECTIVES : There are the variable degrees of bone marrow (BM) infiltration patterns in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Four BM patterns: Interstitial, nodular, mixed, and diffuse patterns were identified. The aim of this study is to assess the effects of BM infiltration patterns on the disease outcome among CLL patients in Kurdistan Region of Iraq. METHODS: This study is a cross-sectional, descriptive, retrospective involved 106 patients with CLL disease. The data are collected in the Kurdistan region of Iraq (including Erbil, Sulaymaniyah, and Duhok) cancer centers. Through the period from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2019. BM histopathology study of all patients was assessed and correlated with the disease outcome. RESULTS: Fifty-three (50.0%) patients had interstitial BM patterns, 17 (16.0%) had nodular BM pattern, 14 (13.2%) had mixed BM patterns, and 22 (20.8%) had diffuse BM pattern. The results showed that patients with interstitial, nodular, and mixed BM patterns had a superior overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rate than diffuse BM pattern. Kaplan–Meier curve illustrates that our CLL patients with interstitial BM patterns had a better mean OS rate (44.0 months) than diffuse BM pattern with a mean of (23.2 months). As well as for PFS, the mean was (35.7 months) for the interstitial BM patterns and (17.6 months) for diffuse BM pattern. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that the BM involvement patterns have a prognostic value in our CLL patients and provide more reliable information regarding the clinical outcome.

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