Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness and Hardness of 3D Printed Resins
Yousif A. Al-Dulaijan,
Leenah Alsulaimi,
Reema Alotaibi,
Areej Alboainain,
Haidar Alalawi,
Sami Alshehri,
Soban Q. Khan,
Mohammed Alsaloum,
Hamad S. AlRumaih,
Abdulkareem A. Alhumaidan,
Mohammed M. Gad
Affiliations
Yousif A. Al-Dulaijan
Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Leenah Alsulaimi
Fellowship of Pediatric Dentistry Program, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Reema Alotaibi
College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Areej Alboainain
College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Haidar Alalawi
Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Sami Alshehri
Department of Biomedical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Soban Q. Khan
Department of Dental Education, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed Alsaloum
Restorative and Prosthetic Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 3183, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
Hamad S. AlRumaih
Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Abdulkareem A. Alhumaidan
Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
Mohammed M. Gad
Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
The effect of printing parameters on the surface characteristics of three-dimensional (3D)-printed denture base resins (DBRs) is neglected. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of printing orientation and post-curing time on the surface roughness and hardness. One conventional heat-polymerized (HP) resin and two 3D-printing resins (NextDent (ND) and ASIGA (AS)) were used to fabricate a total of 250-disc (10 × 2.5 mm) specimens. ND and AS specimens were printed with different orientations (0-, 45-, and 90-degree) and each orientation group was subjected to four post-curing times (30, 60, 90, 120 min). Printed specimens were thermo-cycled (10,000 cycles) followed by the measuring of surface roughness (Profilometer (Ra)) and hardness (a Vickers hardness (VH)). ANOVA and post hoc tests were used for data analysis (α = 0.05) at significant levels. AS and ND showed no significant changes in Ra when compared with HP (p ˃ 0.05), except the 45-degree orientation (AS/90 min and AS/120 min) significantly increased surface roughness (p ˂ 0.001). There was no significant difference in Ra with different orientations and post-curing time for both materials AS and ND (p ˃ 0.05). Compared with HP, 3D-printed DBRs showed low VH values (p ˂ 0.001). For AS, 90-degree orientation showed a significant decrease in VH at 60, 90, and 120 min when compared with 0- and 45-degree orientation (p ˂ 0.001), while ND showed no significant difference in VH with different printing orientations (p ˃ 0.05). The VH of AS and ND improved when increasing post-curing time to 120 min (p ˂ 0.001), and the printing orientations and post-curing time did not affect the Ra of 3D-printed DBRs.