Les cheminements pluriels de la transition postnéolibérale en Équateur : les politiques de réinsertion productive des émigrés

Abstract

Policies aiming for the inclusion of Ecuadorian migrants in the construction of a new development model illustrate the multiple paths of Ecuador’s post-neoliberal transition under Rafael Correa’s government. By the end of the 20th century, Ecuador experienced a massive emigration wave in a context of deep economic recession. Once in office in 2007, President Correa seized this emigration episode in order to criticize the failures of neoliberal policies that prevailed in the Andean country since the 1980s. The construction of a new development agenda took place, among other things, through policies promoting return migration and the productive reinsertion of migrants in Ecuador. For Correa, what was at stake was to turn migrants into one of the pillars of the country’s popular and social economy – the consolidation of which represent one of the government’s main objectives to overcome market economy.

Keywords

• development
• State
• migration
• citizens’revolution
• postneoliberalism