F2T: A Novel Force-Feedback Haptic Architecture Delivering 2D Data to Visually Impaired People

Abstract

Today’s technology still limits the accessing to 2D information (images, graphics, charts, maps, paintings, etc.) for visually impaired people (VIP). Existing solutions for human-machine interfaces are expensive and have yet to be available to the many. Therefore, we propose a novel and inclusive haptic architecture to access and interact with 2D data, relying on the force-feedback principle, and named Force-Feedback Tablet (F2T). The F2T’s architecture is based on a flat thumbstick mounted on a 2D actuated support, enabling force feedback effects on user’s finger. The flat thumbstick measures the user’s intended movements independently from mobile support’s actual movements, enabling highly interactive effects, static and dynamic effects, or guidances. Moreover, the mechanical structure does not need to be backdrivable, simplifying the motion control, and reducing the costs of the device. Finally, the F2T architecture allows designing lightweight, compact and scalable devices. To validate and demonstrate the relevance of the F2T architecture, we present two lightweight prototypes. Two series of preliminary tests with VIP and blindfolded participants confirmed the system’s effectiveness at providing shape and spatial layout understanding. Results obtained during the evaluation are encouraging with high recognition rates.

Keywords

• Haptic interfaces
• force feedback
• human–computer interaction
• visually impaired people
• accessibility