Heliyon (Oct 2022)

Oil removal from spent bleaching earth of vegetable oil refinery plant using supercritical carbon dioxide

  • Siti Machmudah,
  • Nabil Apta Maulana,
  • Andhika Shafian Maindo Norman,
  • Valencia Marchilia Nyoto,
  • Irji Amrullah,
  • Wahyudiono,
  • Sugeng Winardi,
  • I Gede Wenten,
  • Motonobu Goto

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 8, no. 10
p. e10826

Abstract

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The oil in the spent bleaching earth (SBE) matrix was successfully removed by applying the supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) extraction technique in a semi-continuous flow–type system. The SCCO2 extraction process was conducted at 40–80 °C and 20–30 MPa with extraction time of ∼180 min. The color of SBE matrix changes from the dark to dark-pale color after the SCCO2 extraction treatment exhibiting the substances including oil in the SBE matrix were successfully removed. The extracted oil yield was around 95% when the SCCO2 extraction process was performed at 40 °C and 30 MPa with 10% ethanol addition as a co–solvent. The GC analysis showed that the prominent fatty acid constituents in the extracted oil are palmitic and oleic acids, furthermore it can be fed as a feedstock to produce biodiesel fuel. Next, it can be proposed that SCCO2 extraction system is a viable way to extract oil from the SBE matrix.

Keywords