A high figure of merit of phonon-polariton waveguide modes with hbn/SiO2/graphene /hBN ribs waveguide in mid-infrared range
Zhou Sheng,
Liu Yue,
Yue Zhao,
Gao Jin,
Qiang Zhang,
Shufang Fu,
Xiangguang Wang,
Xuan Wang,
Xuanzhang Wang
Affiliations
Zhou Sheng
Department of Basic Courses, Guangzhou Maritime University, Guangzhou, 510725, China; Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China; Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
Liu Yue
College of Science, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, 154000, China; Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China; Corresponding author. College of science, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China.
Yue Zhao
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
Gao Jin
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
Qiang Zhang
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
Shufang Fu
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China; Corresponding author. Department of Basic Courses, Guangzhou Maritime University, Guangzhou, 510725, China.
Xiangguang Wang
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
Xuan Wang
Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application, Ministry of Education, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, 150080, China
Xuanzhang Wang
Key Laboratory for Photonic and Electronic Bandgap Materials, Chinese Ministry of Education, and School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Harbin Normal University, Harbin, 150025, China
Natural hyperbolic materials can confine electromagnetic waves at the nanoscale. In this study, we propose a waveguide design that combines a high quality factor (FOM) with low loss, utilizing hexagonal boron nitride and graphene and gold substrate. The waveguide consists of a dielectric rib with a graphene layer sandwiched between two hBN ribs. Numerical simulations demonstrate the existence of two guided modes in the proposed waveguide within the second reststrahlen band (1360.0 cm−1<ω < 1609.8 cm−1) of hBN. These modes are formed by coupling the hyperbolic phonon polariton (HPhP) of two hBN rib in the middle dielectric rib and are subsequently modulated by a graphene layer. Interestingly, we observe variations in four transmission parameters, namely effective length, figure of merit, device length, and propagation loss of the guided modes, with respect to the operation frequency and gate voltage. By optimizing the waveguide's geometry parameters and dielectric permittivity, the modal properties were analyzed. Simulation results indicate that optimizing the waveguide size parameters enables us to achieve a high FOM of 4.0 × 107. The proposed waveguide design offers a promising approach for designing tunable mid infrared range waveguides on photonic chips, and this concept can be extended to other 2D materials and hyperbolic materials.
