Determination of alkaloids and oil rates of some poppy (papaver somniferum L.) varieties cultivated as winter and summer

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the alkaloid and oil rates contents of some poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) varieties, such as morphine, codeine, oripavine, thebaine, noscapine and papaverine, which are planted as winter and summer. Five varieties of poppy (Zaferyolu, TMO 2, Ofis NP, Ofis 4, Anayurt) registered in different organizations were used in the research. The study was carried out in the trial field belonging to Tokat Middle Black Sea Crossing Belt Agricultural Research Institute Directorate in 2015 and 2016. Alkaloid analyzes were carried out on an HPLC device in the Bolvadin Alkaloid Plant Laboratory. The study was carried out in three replications according to randomized block trial design. As a result; Varieties of poppy the cultivated as summer, mean morphine value 0.61-1.19 %, the codeine 0.07-0.25 %, the oripavine 0.01-0.02 %, thebaine 0.02-0,11 %, noscapine, 0,04-0,49 %, papaverine , 0,03-0,18 and oil ratio values varied between 41,6-48,8 %. Varieties of poppy the cultivated as winter; mean morphine value 0.29-0.56 %, the codeine 0.04-0.09 %, the oripavine 0.0002-0.007 %, thebaine 0.01-0.06 %, noscapine, 0.009-0.93 %, papaverine , 0.00-0.06 %, and oil ratio values varied between 45.3-54.3 %. Poppy varieties cultivated as summer, according to winter sown alkaloid ratios are higher and oil ratios are lower.

Keywords

• poppy
• papaver somniferum l.
• alkaloid
• oil
• winter
• summer