Green Production of Prebiotic Xylooligosaccharides via Enzymatic Hydrolysis from Xylan Black Liquor of Oil Palm Frond
Nur Syahirah Ahmad Sobri,
Harun Shuhaida,
Jamaliah Md Jahim,
Mohd Shahbudin Masdar,
Mohd Sobri Takriff,
Abdul Wahab Mohammad,
Mastura Abd Manaf
Affiliations
Nur Syahirah Ahmad Sobri
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Harun Shuhaida
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Jamaliah Md Jahim
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Mohd Shahbudin Masdar
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Mohd Sobri Takriff
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Abdul Wahab Mohammad
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Mastura Abd Manaf
Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, Research Centre for Sustainable Process Technology (CESPRO), Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
The black liquor generated from the alkaline pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass is usually disposed of into wastewater, which could lead to environmental pollution. Alkaline black liquor (ALBL) contains a large amount of xylan with a small fraction of lignin, making it a promising raw material for the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS). In this study, xylan was extracted from the ALBL generated upon treating the oil palm frond (OPF) with sodium hydroxide via two-stage precipitation for the separation of lignin and recovery of xylan. As a result, approximately 84.0% of xylan retrieved from the ALBL was recovered. Subsequently, enzymatic hydrolysis was optimized to recover the maximum amount of XOS from xylan. The results showed that enzymatic hydrolysis produced the highest XOS (62.5%) under optimal conditions of 50 °C, 4 U/mL xylanase, and 3% xylan loading for 48 h. The study provides insight for maximizing utilization of ALBL of OPF for future biorefinery economy.
