Treatment of sleep disorders in patients with hypertension and obesity

Abstract

The aim of the study is to improve the efficacy of the treatment of sleep disorders in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and obesity. Materials and methods. In total, 62 patients were examined (mean age 58.3 ± 2.3 years) with AH and obesity. All of the surveyed persons underwent general clinical examination, daily BP monitoring, life quality assessment (General Well-Being Questionnaire). The ICSD-2 (2005) criteria were used to identify sleep disorders (dyssomnia) and subjective sleep characteristics questionnaires – for circadian “sleep –wake” rhythm disturbances assessment. Sleep disorders were found in all the examined patients at baseline. After the baseline data registration, the patients were prescribed basic therapy, 32 (group 1) of whom additionally received melatonin at a dose of 3 mg for 4 weeks; 30 patients were included in group 2. Results. After treatment, in group 1, the levels of office SBP and DBP were 6.9 % and 6.7 % (P < 0.05), and the average daily SBP and DBP (according to DMBP data) were 7.9 % and 6.7 % (P < 0.05) lower, respectively, than in group2. In patients of group 1, positive changes in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, a significant improvement in subjective sleep characteristics and circadian “sleep – wake” rhythm were registered along with an improvement in the quality of life. Conclusions. Thus, melatonin add-on treatment in patients with AH and obesity with sleep disorders increases the efficacy of antihypertensive therapy, has a beneficial effect on glucometabolic parameters, subjective assessment of sleep quality and the quality of life.

Keywords

• sleep disorders
• hypertension
• obesity
• daily monitoring of blood pressure
• therapy