Population Mobility of Animal and Plant B-Chromosomes in Regions Subject to Technogenic Impact

Abstract

The paper presents the studies on changes in number and morphology of B-chromosomes of field Apodemus peninsulae and spruce Picea obovata in Siberian populations subjected technogenic impact. For the first time the unique population of mouse Apodemus peninsulae which had numerous micro- B-chromosomes (12-30), was found in Krasnoyark region. The mouse population inhabits a site at the left bank of the Yenisey river in 85 km downstream of the town of Zheleznogorsk where the Mining and Chemical Combine with chemonuclear complex is situated. The population of A. peninsulae from Gorny Altai showed threefold increase in number of B-chromosomes, from 2,3 to 7,1, during 28-year (1980-2008) studied period. The region of Gornyi Altai is the area where details of rockets launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome fall down. It was shown that the frequency of B-chromosomes of the Siberian spruce Picea obovata is higher in urban plantations (Krasnoyarsk city) than in its native populations. The effect of technogenic factors on acceleration of evolutionary processes is being discussed.

Keywords

• мышь Apodemus peninsulae
• ель Picea obovata
• B-chromosomes
• karyotype
• Korean field mouse Apodemus peninsulae
• Siberian spruce Picea obovata
• evolution
• technogenic impact