Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Properties of Chia Protein Hydrolysates in Primary Human Monocyte–Macrophage Plasticity
Alvaro Villanueva-Lazo,
Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz,
Elena Grao-Cruces,
Justo Pedroche,
Rocio Toscano,
Francisco Millan,
Maria C. Millan-Linares
Affiliations
Alvaro Villanueva-Lazo
Plant Protein Group, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
Sergio Montserrat-de la Paz
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071 Seville, Spain
Elena Grao-Cruces
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071 Seville, Spain
Justo Pedroche
Plant Protein Group, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
Rocio Toscano
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071 Seville, Spain
Francisco Millan
Plant Protein Group, Department of Food and Health, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Edificio 46, 41013 Seville, Spain
Maria C. Millan-Linares
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad de Sevilla, Av. Dr. Fedriani 3, 41071 Seville, Spain
Chia (Salvia hispanica L.) seed has high potential in the development of functional food due to its protein content with a special amino acid profile. Among the hematopoietic-derived cells, monocytes are endowed with high plasticity, responsible for their pro- and anti-inflammatory function in M1 and M2 phenotype polarization, respectively. Indeed, monocytes are involved in several oxidative- and inflammatory-associated disorders such as cancer, obesity, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This study was designed to investigate the role of chia protein hydrolysates (CPHs) in primary human monocyte–macrophage plasticity response using biochemical, RT-qPCR, and ELISA assays. Our results showed that CPHs reduce ROS and nitrite output, as pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, and enhance the expression and release of anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, CPHs reverse LPS-associated M1 polarization into M2. These findings open new opportunities for developing nutritional strategies with chia as a dietary source of biopeptides to prevent the development and progression of oxidative- and inflammatory-related diseases.
